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Understanding Capital Gains Tax on Home Sales

Are you thinking of selling your primary residence? Unless the home has decreased in value since you bought it, you’ll want to know about potential capital gains tax on your sale. You don’t want to incur a larger-thannecessary tax bill.

TAX BASICS

Gains on the sale of personal or investment property held for more than one year are taxed at favorable capital gains rates of 0%, 15%, or 20%, plus a 3.8% investment tax for people with higher incomes. Gains on these properties held for one year or less are taxed at higher ordinary income rates. Residential real estate is an exception.

TAX EXCEPTIONS FOR YOUR PRIMARY RESIDENCE

Up to $250,000 ($500,000 for joint filers) of your gain is tax-free if you’ve owned and lived in your home for at least two out of the five years before you sell. Any gain greater than this exclusion is taxed at capital gains rates. Losses from the sale are not deductible. A spouse who sells the family home within two years after the other spouse’s death gets the total $500,000 exclusion, provided the two-out-of-five-year use and ownership tests were met before death.

EARLIER SALES

If you must sell your home before two years due to job changes, illness, or unforeseen circumstances, you may still be eligible for part of the gain exclusion. The exclusion percentage that can be taken equals the portion of the two years you used the home as a residence.

NATURAL DISASTER DAMAGE

Was your home damaged or destroyed in one of this year’s federally declared natural disasters? Then your capital gain amount will equal any insurance proceeds you received that exceed your pre-disaster tax basis in the home. The gain exclusion is available for this gain amount.

Home sales are complex and can be emotional. Consult your tax and real estate professionals before selling. Your financial professional can help you budget for your new home.

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2023 Hindsight

Looking back at 2023 may provide ideas to help get your business off to a better start in 2024. Some questions to ask yourself include:

HOW COMMITTED IS YOUR STAFF?

Ensure your vision for your future business is understood by staff and help incentivize them to commit fully.

ARE YOUR GOALS REALISTIC?

Consider resources, market share, new opportunities, challenges and potential bombshells to ensure your goals are rational and reasonable. Get input from your staff and professional advisors.

HOW’S YOUR HEALTH?

Your staff and family depend on you. The bottom line is you can’t give your best to either if you don’t care for yourself. Remember: Stress is a killer. Strive to maintain a workleisure balance.

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Manage Family Finances Like a Business

When doing your year-end financial review, consider managing your personal finances like you handle your business. Why? Looking at your
personal situation from a business perspective helps you find places to cut expenses, boost cash flow and improve your personal financial situation.

CREATE A NET WORTH STATEMENT

First, summarize the current value of all your assets, including cash and cash equivalents, brokerage balances, retirement funds, real estate and your personal property. Then, subtract your liabilities. Remember that some business assets and debts may need to be included depending on your business structure.

LOOK AT CASH FLOW

When considering cash inflow, remember to include any dividend and interest income, rental income, etc. Compare inflow to outflow, including loan payments, food, clothing, education savings, taxes, insurance, gifts and more.

Recruit family members to assist by tracking their spending for a month — every penny. It isn’t easy, but it’s important.

Once you know where your money is going, look for spending cuts and ways to increase savings. Places many families can cut are forgotten subscriptions and extra streaming services. Fortunately, there are several apps to help with these tasks.

INCORPORATE RISK MANAGEMENT

Like your employees, examine your benefits elections. Do they still fit your family situation? The same goes for your withholding election. Review your insurance coverage: health and disability, life, homeowners and personal-liability. Your insurance professional can help identify changes that may be needed. Make sure to regularly check your credit report, too.

HAVE A SUCCESSION PLAN

Make sure you have a retirement transition plan and an updated estate plan. Review beneficiary designations for retirement accounts, insurance policies and provisions in your will and living trust to help ensure they still match your wishes. Updates are easy.

If possible, increase your retirement plan contributions each year and take full advantage of tax-deferred compounding.

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December 2023 Client Line Newsletter

Manage Family Finances Like a Business – when doing your year-end financial review, consider managing your personal finances like you handle your business.

2023 Hindsight – looking back at 2023 may provide ideas to help get your business off to a better start in 2024.

Understanding Capital Gains Tax On Home Sales – are you thinking of selling your primary residence.

December 2023 Client Profile

Roth 401(k) Contribution Reprieve – IRS notice 2023-63 postpones the new catch-up contribution rule until January 1, 2026.

December 2023 Question and Answer

Beware of Holiday Scams – even savvy people can be caught by sophisticated schemes.

The High Cost of Daycare

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Top Holiday Shopping Categories

Do you know where the majority of your holiday dollars go? The chart shows how other Americans spend during the holidays.

  • 36% – Home & Kitchen
  • 47% – Electronic & Accessories
  • 63% – Toys & Hobbies
  • 70% – Food & Beverage
  • 73% – Clothing & Accesssories

Source: Finances Online for Businesses Compilation

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New at the SBA

Earlier this year, the Small Business Association (SBA) made changes to its programs that will widen access to government-backed small business loans. The change allows more non-bank lenders to offer SBA loans, expanding access to funding for underserved businesses. Additionally, implified lending criteria will save time on loan documentation, providing a more efficient path to approval.

THE COMMUNITY ADVANTAGE SBLC

The SBA is also implementing the Community Advantage SBLC license for nonprofits and mission-oriented lenders who wouldn’t otherwise qualify to be SBA lenders. These lenders primarily focus on underserved markets, including startups and minority-, veteran-, and women-owned businesses. Community Advantage lenders also work in rural and low-income communities.

APPROVAL CRITERIA

To qualify for an SBA loan, a business must be considered creditworthy and reasonably able to repay the loan. The SBA previously considered nine factors to determine creditworthiness. The new rules consider just three:

  1. Credit score or history
  2. Business earnings or cash flow
  3. Collateral

Talk with your professional advisor to learn more about SBA’s new rules and loans.

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November 2023 Question and Answer

QUESTION:

This last quarter of 2023 is the first time my side business has had an employee besides myself. I’m used to paying estimated taxes for my FICA responsibility, but what’s required for my new employee?

ANSWER:

Short answer: Your business generally should withhold 7.65% (6.2% for Social Security; 1.45% for Medicare) of the employee’s earned income up to $160,200 for FICA. It’s also required to match that amount on the employee’s behalf. The full 15.3% is then reported (IRS Form 941) and paid to the IRS quarterly in January (fourth quarter 2023), April (first quarter 2024), July (second quarter), and October (third quarter). We can help you.

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November 2023 Client Profile

Jack’s advertising agency recently scored its largest account ever. Assembling the new account team will require him to hire an artist, copywriter, and project coordinator. His last new hires didn’t assimilate as well or quickly with existing staff as Jack wanted. Going on suggestions from a friend in human resources, here’s what Jack is trying this time.

Meet and Greets.

Periodically sponsoring in-person/online company meetings with all employees whenever hiring or new projects warrant them.

Mentors.

Whether individually or in small groups, having a seasoned employee work with new hires can help bring newbies up to speed on company culture, history, etc., and job requirements.

Company Social Events.

Jack has found that small social events are great for welcoming new hires. So far, the agency has sponsored a BBQ at a local park, tickets to a local hockey team game, and a family day at a local amusement park to kick off projects that required hiring and/or team reassignments.

Client Profile is based on a hypothetical situation. The solutions discussed may or may not be appropriate for you.

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Gift Return Policies

Attention shoppers: Several companies have updated their return policies. According to a goTRG survey* of 500 U.S. retailers, 72% of retailers cite returns as a moderate-to-severe problem. As a result, 60% of retailers are tightening their policies, with free returns no longer the standard for 2023 holiday shopping.

HOW MUCH TIGHTER?

While shoppers say free returns are important, 66% of businesses surveyed charge something for at least some returns — up from 60% last holiday season. For 67% of companies, the fees charged are additional shipping or restocking fees. Some businesses note restocking costs so high that about 25% have turned to zero-sum refunds. Retailers are also shortening return windows to cut returns and offering incentives to shoppers who return items bought online to brick-and-mortar stores.

*Cost of Retail Returns, goTRG.com, 2023

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Do You Know What Your Asset Allocation Is?

The financial markets have had their moments in 2023. And if you haven’t checked your portfolio and retirement plan asset allocations in a while, you could be in for a jolt. Your allocations may be out of line with your current investment goals, timeline and tolerance for risk, but you can fix the problem by rebalancing asset classes.

TO REBALANCE OR NOT?

Let’s say you set or rebalanced your allocation at the beginning of 2023. If your investment time frame and risk tolerance are basically the same currently, you have it easy. Compare your current asset allocation to the allocation you set in January.

Generally, if one or more of the asset categories varies by more than 5%, you should consider rebalancing the weight in each asset class to better match your investment strategy.

KNOW YOURSELF

If your investment goals or risk tolerance have changed significantly, you’ll probably want to develop a new allocation strategy. The objective is to invest aggressively enough to meet your timeline and goals, but not make you nervous.

CONSULT PROFESSIONALS

Work with your financial professional to evaluate the need to rebalance your portfolio at least annually. Your tax advisor can check for tax repercussions before you make any moves.